【独立宣言原文及译文】《独立宣言》是美国历史上具有里程碑意义的文件，由托马斯·杰斐逊起草，于1776年7月4日由大陆会议通过。它宣布了北美13个殖民地脱离英国统治，成为独立国家。该宣言不仅在美国历史中占据重要地位，也对全球民主思想的发展产生了深远影响。
以下是对《独立宣言》原文及其中文译文的简要总结，并以表格形式展示关键内容。
一、
《独立宣言》主要分为三个部分：
1. 序言：阐述了人人生而平等的基本理念，并指出政府的合法性来源于被统治者的同意。
2. 列举了英国国王乔治三世对殖民地的种种暴政，说明殖民地独立的正当性。
3. 结论：正式宣布13个殖民地脱离英国，成立自由独立的国家。
宣言的核心思想是“人人生而平等”，并强调人民有权推翻不公正的政府。这一理念成为后来美国宪法和人权运动的重要基础。
二、原文与译文对照表
| 原文（英文） | 中文译文 |
| "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal," | “我们认为这些真理是不言而喻的，即所有人都是生而平等的。” |
| "That they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights," | “他们从造物主那里获得了不可剥夺的权利。” |
| "That among these are Life, Liberty and the Pursuit of Happiness." | “其中包括生命、自由和追求幸福的权利。” |
| "That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed." | “为了保障这些权利，政府的正当权力来自于被统治者的同意。” |
| "That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it," | “当任何一种政府形式对这些目标构成破坏时，人民有权利改变或废除它。” |
| "and to institute new Government, laying its foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their Safety and Happiness." | “并建立新的政府，以这样的原则为基础，以这样的形式组织其权力，使他们认为最有可能保障他们的安全和幸福。” |
| "We, therefore, the Representatives of the United States of America, in Congress Assembled, do solemnly publish and declare," | “因此，我们，美利坚合众国的代表，在国会集会，庄严地公布并声明：” |
| "that these United Colonies are, and of right ought to be, Free and Independent States;" | “这些联合殖民地应当而且确实应成为自由和独立的国家；” |
| "that they are absolved from all allegiance to the British Crown, and that all political connection between them and the State of Great Britain is and ought to be totally dissolved;" | “它们与大不列颠王国之间的一切政治联系都应完全解除；” |
| "and that, as Free and Independent States, they have full power to levy war, conclude peace, contract alliances, establish commerce, and do all other acts and things which independent States may of right do." | “并且，作为自由和独立的国家，它们有权进行战争、缔结和平、签订同盟、开展贸易，并做一切其他独立国家有权做的事。” |
三、总结
《独立宣言》不仅是美国建国的法律文件，更是民主思想的象征。它的语言简洁有力，思想深刻，至今仍被广泛引用和研究。通过对比原文与译文，可以更深入地理解其中蕴含的价值观与历史意义。无论是从政治、哲学还是文学角度来看，《独立宣言》都是一部不可多得的经典文献。